Here's some areas to study carefully for the test upcoming on Chapters 13-15. This listing is not all inclusive, but is intended to give you an idea of how well you know the material now. If some or all the questions make no sense, you need to continue to carefully review the material. Caution: this is not a list of questions on the test!
Don't forget to use the study tools in your textbook and at your textbook web site, too!
Review your notes, especially for material not in the book, but on the class web site or part of class discussions.
Studying as part of a small group helps, even if it's just 2 persons.
Chapter 13 Psychological Disorders
- What are the seven (7) criteria to indicate an "abnormal" condition?
- Mental health/abnormality is a continuum? What does that mean?
- You may want to review some of the problems with objectivity over time re: abnormality. What did Thomas Szasz say about the mental health profession?
- Some key figues in the history of classifying mental disorders were ________________?
- The 5 Axes in DSM-IV are____________. Know what each one describes.
- The etiology of psychpathology refers to what aspect of mental illness?
- Whhat are the four (4) basic approaches to the cuases of mental illness? Describe a lttle bit about each one.
- Have a good sense of the types of Anxiety Disorders. Are phobias a rational fear of __________? What is social phobia? What is a compulsion? How do the persons view their compulsions? What causes PTSD? How many people hace experienced a traumatic event? What % of our population experience a PTSD in a lifetime? Have good sense of the four basic treatment aproaches for anxiety disorders. Be cognizant of the genetic basis for these and the other disorders.
- Have a good sense of the 2 basic types of Mood Disorders, and the causes and genetic heritability. Who suggested the notion of "learned helplessness? What is the cogntiive triad of depression? How about explanatory style. How does this affect one's response to situations? How well do depressed persons remeber happy occasions?Why are women more often depressed? Is youth suicide a "spur-of-the-moment" thing?Guns vs. pills: who uses what?
- Personality Disroders (10 types): know what each characterizes. (See Table 14.4). Know more detail about borderline, antisocial, somataform and dissociative personality disorders. What are the nown aspects of causation for each? Hypochondriasis, conversion and somatization disorder. what are these?
- Schizphrenic Disorders: Five (5) types. Pay particular attention to the possible causes of schizophrenia, including brain markers and family aspects( incl. expressed emotion factors).
- Psychological Disroders of Childhhod: Autism and ADHD. Key distinguishing aspects of each What are the possible causes of these mysterious disorders? Why is the diagnosis of ADHD particularly difficult?
- Mental Health Stigma: what role does the media play? Society in general? Self-fulfilling proecy at work here? Is it beneficial to have some contact with these individuals? Have you had experiences interacting with persons having a significant disrder?
- Four (5) basic types of therapies
- Who are the therapists and where do they work?
- Have a good sense of the overall trends over time in viewing and treating the mentally ill, from 1400s to now
- Effects of deinstitutionalization; good or bad or both. What is the "revolving door" of care?
- Psychodynamic Approaches
- Free Association and Catharsis: what happens here?
- What is going on wuth resistane?
- Dream analysis and symbolism
- Transference and Countertransference
- Sullivan's and Klein's approaches
- Behavior Therapies
- Counterconditioning
- Exposure therapies-Wolpe
- Aversion therapies-pairing of stimuli
- Contingency management
- Positive reinforcement and Extinction strategies
- Social learning
- Imitation and Social Skills
- Generalization Techniques
- Cognitive Therapies
- False Beliefs
- Cognitive Therapy for Depression-Beck: automatic thoughts
- REBT Therapy-Ellis:irratonal beiefs>emotional reactions
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-False beliefs paired with reinforcement contingencies
- Humanistic
- Human potential movement
- Client-centered therapy-Rogers
- Gestalt therapy-Perls
- Group Therapies
- Couple and Family Therapy-Satir
- Communicaton patterns for couples
- Systems for families
- Support Groups
- AA, etc.(Akron-based)
- Biomedical Therapies
- Drug Therapy
- Antipsycholtic drugs
- Antidepressant drugs
- Antianxiety drugs
- Psychosurgery-Moniz
- ECT and rTMS
- Evaluation
- What is "spontaneous remission"; why is the rate important?
- What's a meta-analysis?
- What have been the basic findingf of effectiveness of various therapies?
- Role of prevention strategies in mental health: primary, seconday and tertiary
- Denial vs. acceptance; how do people think about death?
- How much anxiety of death do you feel?
- Overestimation of a "sensational" death; role of the media in focusing on dramatic deaths. Why do they do this?
- Choose your parents carefully to ensure good genes and a long life! (Just kidding but you get the point.)
- Avoidance of thinking of death. Why? Can't we "be real" and accept the reality. Or is that asking too much?
- Are older folks more fearful of death?; Role of faith.
- What about near death experiences? What happens if you're lucky enough to be brought back?
- Kubler-Ross's stages of death; will we all reach acceptance of our mortality?
- What are the elements of bereavement, mourning, and grief
- What exactly is "grief work"? Parallels the experience of dying.
- What is the norm for the length of grief work?
- Unresolved grief; shut off from bereavement or ruminating to excess
- Effect of death of spouse, male and female
- "Good" Grief-a growing process; ways to express our emotions are varied (physical activity helps; assisting the family effort)
- Death is coming more slowly, and often in a hospital
- Importance of the "right-to-die
- Role of doctors
- Living wills-what do they do?
- Organ transplants-pressure on families at a tragic time
- A Natural Death
- Death more of a problem for the living than the dying!
- Hospice movement
- Home care-likely to expand
- 3 months ideal
- Often stay is very short; family tends to prolong the life-sustaining processes, leading to late entry into hospice
- 63% want to die at home
- Funerals
- Were held for the dead (afterlife transition); now they're for the living
- Now more materialistic; oriented to honoring the deceased w/recognition
- Oriented toward the survivors
- Lavish appurtenances; exploitation by funeral practices
- Death and "Growth"
- Puts a limit on our lives
- Prompts one to live one's life to fullest
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